I-activator ye-plastic electroplating palladium

Plastic electroplating palladium activator

Plastic electroplating colloidal palladium activation inqubo (palladium water)

1. Uhlolojikelele

Amanzi e-Palladium iyi-acivator ene-acidic, exutshwe ne-hydrochloric acid . Yenzelwe i-plastic electroplating. Lesi sicuphi sizinze kakhulu futhi sinempilo ende yesevisi.

4.Control and maintenance

Palladium water control range: 4-8 ml/litre

(A) ukulungiswa . 4 ml / l isixazululo esijwayelekile sokusebenza se-colorimetric

Thatha u-20 ml we-hydrochloric acid ehlanzekile ku-100 ml we-colorimetric tube wabe esengezwa u-0.4 mL wevolumu exutshwe namanzi e-palladium ku-100 ml , futhi unyakaziswa .

(B) yenziwe . 6 ml / l isixazululo esijwayelekile sokusebenza se-colorimetric

Thatha u-20 ml we-hydrochloric acid ehlanzekile ku-100 ml we-colorimetric tube wabe esengezwa u-0.6 mL wevolumu exutshwe namanzi e-palladium ku-100 ml , futhi unyakaziswa .

(C) ukwakheka . 8 ml / l isixazululo esijwayelekile sokusebenza se-colorimetric

Thatha u-20 ml we-analytical pure hydrochloric acid ku-100 ml colorimetric tube kwase kwengezwa u-0.8 mL wevolumu exutshwe ngamanzi e-palladium ku-100 ml , futhi unyakaziswa .

(D) I-concentration discovery

(1) thatha ngokuqondile uketshezi lwethangi bese uluthela eshubhuni elingenalutho le-colorimetric ukuze uqhathanise umbala nesixazululo esisebenzayo sombala esingenhla.

(2) Qhathanisa umbala nezixazululo ezihlukahlukene ezijwayelekile ukuze wahlulele I-palladium yamanzi ekhambi lokugeza elisebenzayo.

Uma kudingekile, engeza amanzi e-palladium ukuze ugcine ukugxila kwawo kuphakathi kuka-4-8 ml/litre.

Shintsha uketshezi olujwayelekile lombala masonto onke.

Uma ufuna ukuthola okwengeziwe imiphumela enembile, ungasebenzisa i-spectrophotometer, i-colorimeter, njll.

I-Divalent tin Ibanga lokulawula: 3.0-3.5 g/l

Uma kudingekile, engeza i-stannous chloride ukuze ulondoloze okuqukethwe kwe-divalent kuketshezi olusebenzayo phakathi kuka-3.0-3.5 g/l.

i-hydrochloric control range: 2. 5 0-2 . 8 0 ml / l

Indlela yokuhlaziya :

( 1 ) Sebenzisa ipayipi ukudonsa u-2 ml woketshezi lokugeza eflaskini ye-Erlenmeyer engu-250 ml.

( 2 ) Engeza cishe u-50 ml wamanzi ahlanzekile.

( 3 ) Engeza i-phenolic phenol indicator.

( 4 ) Kusixazululo se - sodium hydroxide esingu - 0.2N esifakwe endaweni ebomvu yokugcina .

Isibalo : I-Hydrochloric acid (ml/L ) = 41.44 × ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium hydroxide (ml) × i-sodium hydroxide concentration (N)

Uma kudingeka, engeza i-hydrochloric acid ehlanzekile ukuze ugcine okuqukethwe kwe-hydrochloric acid esixazululweni esisebenzayo phakathi 250-280 ml/l

Ukungcola

Ukubekezelelwa koketshezi lokugeza ekungcoleni kokungcola yilokhu: Fe: <100ppm, Cr: <100ppm, nitrate nesibabule: <5ppm

iron ions, nitrate nesibabule: Ikakhulukazi isuselwa ku-hydrochloric acid engcolile, ezodala ukubola.

Chromium ion: Ikakhulukazi iphuma ekungangeni hlangothi okungaphelele, okuzoholela ekweqeni ukucwenga nokusetshenziswa okungavamile kwe-divalent tin.

Qaphela: Uma kungekho ukungcoliswa kokungcola, lokho ayidingi ukuqedwa futhi ingasetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo, kodwa lapho izingxenye eziputshiwe ziwa, kufanele zicoshwe ngesikhathi.

5.Troubleshooting